Vacuum-feed carbureter.



P. GILLES.

VACUUM FEEDCARBURETEB.

APPLICATION mznms` s. 19m

152,920,842. mmm swt, milf?.

' 3 SHEETS--SHEET l.

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P. GILLES.

VACUUM FEED CARBUHETER.

APPLICATIUN FILED OCT. 9, 1916- Patented Sept. 25, 1917.

3 SHEETSJSHEET 2 1N VEA/TOR.

A TTORN E YS.

WITNESSES P. GILLES.

VACUUM FEED (BARBURETER.

mmm/TIM min 1019, 191e.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

l IN VEN TOR.

5%): BY z faz/ ATTORNEYS.

WTNESSES vncirumrnnn cAnBunErnn.

PIERRE GILLES, F SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

Speciication of Letters Patent.

Patented sept. a5, 1917.

Application filed October 9, 1916. Serial No. 124,521.

To all 'whom t mag/'Gomera' I Be it known that I, PIERRE GILLES, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Springfield, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, United States of America, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vacuum- Feed 'Carbureters, of which the following 1s a specification.

. This invention relates generally to fuel feeding devices for supplying fuel to carbureters by suction from a low level supply tank. More particularly, the invention is concerned With` a consolidation of the carbureter With the vacuum feed fuel supply device into a unitary structure which may'be -termed a vacuum feed carbureter. The 1nvention also relates to improvements in` fuel feeding devices of the type disclosedin my copending application Serial No. 101,755, filed Juneii, 1916. l

An object of the invention is to provide a vacuum feed carburetor, comprising, a fuel supply chamber, having afloat therein and devices controlled by the bat vto draw fuel into-the chamber, anda carburetor fuel chamber fed from the supply "chamber by y gravity together with suitable atomizing de vices in the carburetor chamber and adapted to be fed directly therefrom, the construction being characterized by the provision of asingle float which controls the'fuel level in both chambers.

Another object of the mventionis to prof vide in a fuel feeding device for carbureters, a fuel supply chamber inwingv a oat therein and float controlled .means for drawing fuel by; suction in to the chamber, ya carbureter fuel chamber connected to vthe ,supply chamber to be fed therefrom by'gravity, a valveto control the connection'betvveen said chambers, and means operable by rise and fall ofthe oat to open and close said valve.

,Another lobject 'of the invention is to pro fvide in a fuel feeding device for carbureters,

a suction passage communicating between the feeding device and the suction pipe` of I the carburetor, and means to vary the effe@ tiveopening of said passage in proportion' to thel effective opening of the suction pipe.-

Other objects. and advantages WillA appear in the following description and Will bef particularly pointed out in the `appended claims.'

One preferred embodiment ofthe inventively, of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a partial sectional elevation taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional plan view taken on the line l7*7V of Fig. .65'

,Fig 8 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 8-,8 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 9 is a -partial sectional elevation taken on the line 9-9 ofv Fig. 1;

Fig. 10 is a sectional elevation taken on 'the une 10-10 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 9 shovving the parts in 'a different relative position; and

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary sectional eleva tion taken on the line 12-12 of Fig. 1.

Referring to these drawings, the carbu reter casing, as shown in Fig. 2,'comprises three sections, a top section 15, and intermediate section 16,.and a base section 17. These several sections aren held together by three rods 18 (Figs. 1, 2, and 1) which are threaded into section 17 to pass, upwardly through sections '1 6 and .15 and areprovided with suitable nuts to engage theupper face ofthelatter and -by a pair of rods 19 si1`ni=` larly threaded into section 17 which pass'v upwardly through lugs onscction-ILG, as

shown' in Fig. '10, and are provided with nuts to engage the-latter. The des'cribed arrangement is preferred since it peijmits convenient assembly of parts. Thse sections, When assembled, form a closedv casing, having'tvvo separate chambers 20 and 21er-- ranged Vside by side in` adjacent relation. The top section is provided with a hinged cover 22, which permits convenientaccess to. chambcr; andthe cover is nominally locked byva latch 23, spring pressed .'mt'o cnfl gagement with a suitable notch in sectiony 1.5.` Cover 22 has a hole 24 therein'to receive a 'suitable key (such as a half-round piece of steel, forexample), and 'latch 23 has a notch therein'to receive the lower end of the key, Wherebythe latch may be re- 27 integrally formed with section -17 so tlat a continuous passage is formed which extends from the base of the carbureter to the suction pipe, as shown in Fig 2. A tube 29 extends from a point above the suction pipe 26 through the latter and into the passage in sleeves 27 and 28. The lower portion 30 of thetube 29 is of reduced diameter, and the bore lof member 28 is corre- Vspondingly formed, so that the tube 29 may seat, as shown in Fig. 2, in member 28. Threaded into the base of tube 29 is a spindle 31 which extends upwardly Within tube 29 to substantiallythe center of pipe 26-and is formed with an axial passage 32. The spindle 31 is so constructed, as shown in Figs. 2 and' 5, as to foi-,m an annular. passage 33 between itand the interior of tube 29 which passage is closed ofi' at the base by the threaded portion of the sleeve. The. upper portion ofspind'le 3l is squared, as shown in Fig. 5, lso that it may engage the tube 29 for centering purposes without closing ofi' communication with passage 33. Above spindle 31,

the tube 29 has openingc 34 (Figs. 2 and 5) communicating with pipe 26. Fixed to tube 29 at the top'thereof is a disk 35 which is 'drilled to receive a pin 36 xed in the upper -portion of pipe 26, as best shown in Fig. 2.

Threaded into the upper port-ion oftube 29 is a' needle valve 37 which coperates with spindle 31 to vary the effective outlet opening fof passage 32. The latter forms the main nozzle, and the passage 33 the compensating nozzle, and both are arranged to deliver thro-ugh the openings 34 into pipe 26. It is to be noted that the sleeve 29 with spindle 31 and valve 37'v therein may be withdrawn vertically when cover 22 is opened, a. spring 38 on the latter being provided to engage valve 37 to hold it and thus tube -29 in position. The pin 36-serves to prevent rotation of the latter and insures correct angular positioning of the tube 29 within members 27 and 28 for a reason later to appear.

In order to .permit fuel from the carbureter chamber 20 to pass to the main nozzle, a transverse passage 39 (Fig. 8) is formed in the base of section 17 which communicates with the space in member 28 below 'the members 29 and 31, as shown in Fig. 2."A vertical hole40 (Fig. 8) commu'n'ioatesfbetween the chamber -20 and passage 39 -The .lower portion 30 'of sleeve 29 has an Epening 41 therein which, by reason of' pini 36 and disk 35 is caused to register with. apas- I sage 42 (Figs. 2 and 8) arranged at right angles to passage 39 as clearly shown in Fig. 8.' An opening-43 permits fuel to flow from chamber 20 into passage 42, and this opeir ing may be varied by a needle valve 44 which .is suitably mounted in a'lug in section 16 and has a knurled head-disposed just beneath cover 22 for convenient actilation, as shownA in Figs. 2 and'lO. A-,vertical passage 45 (Fig. 2),' communicating. with the float chamber above the level of fuel therein, communicates with passage 42, and passage 45 is arranged tosupply air\laden with fuel vapor to the compensating nozzle 33,

A third nozzle, commonly. termed a slowV speed nozzle is arranged in an exterior portion of sections 16 and 17, as shown in Figs.. 6 and 10. 47 into the upper part of which is threaded a valve stern 48` having a knurled head at itsupper end which, when cover is closed,

This nozzle comprises a sleeve is engaged by a spring49. Fixed tothe upper end of sleeve 47 is a disk 5 O.and fixed in the latter is a pin 51 which depends into a vertical passage 52, formed-v in .sections 16 and 17 and arranged in parallelrelation to the sleeve. A lock nut 53`is provided to hold stem 48 in its various positions offadjusb ment. The lower portion of stem 48 is cupped out, as shown in Fig. 6 and, leading axially upward from the cupped out portion, is a passage. 54 whichl communicates .with

.alateral passage 5 5 leading to an annular space 56 between the sleeve 47 and stem48.`

An integral fiange 57 formed on the Stem closely fits the interior of .sleeve 47 and closes the annular space 56. Threaded into the base of sleeve 47 is a member 58 which has a truste-conical upper end to mate in the cupped end of stem 48 and an axial 'passage 59 of 'small bore through whichffuelmay pass to the annular space 56. The space below member 58 is connected by a horizontal passage 60 and a short vertical passage 61A to the described passage 42, as shown in Figs. 2 and 10. The upper end of member 58 and thelower end 'of stem-48 constitute a valve-to control the inflow of air .to the passage 54, the inflow of fuel being controlled by the needle valve 44already described. Air is admitted to an annular space 62 through a hole 63 (Fig. 10)` in sleeve 47 which' is caused to register by, means of 'pin thence upwardly with fuel from passage 59 into the annular space 56. The latterdeliw ers into suction pipe 26 by means of a hole lll 97 in slee/e147 "and ailatera passage 6 foinied in section 16,' as showniii Figs. 5 and ffl. The slow speed nozzle described iis pary ticularlyl advantageous not fonly onwaccount of sinyplicity ofconstruction but also on ac-` -comit of its convenient removabihty. The

sleeved-.7 inay be lifted vertically from its seat when cover 9.2 iswopened 'Without disturbing the adpisted' relation of the several.

parts therein.' lThus, it` may readily with drawn for cleaning, inspection, and adpistnient for it is held in its seat simply by the slwing 49.

rthe chamber 21 above described is a fuel supply 'for the carburetor chamber 20 and means are provided in the chamber 21 for drawing fuel by suction from alow level 'siipply tank. Referring to Figs. l and 12,

' reference 70 indicates a. fuel i inlet vattachnient adapted to be connected to the low levelsuppl'y tank. A boltlO havinga taperedsurface'to engage a correspondingly tapered surface on member 7 0 `is threaded ,into cover i5,A as shown in Fig. 12.` The applied to chamber 21 by means -to be detitl scribed.- Cover section'l has an innvardly extending boss which is 'formed with axially alined passages 71,172, and 73.0f progressively increasing diameter The passage 7 3 has.` lateral openings 7-l which communicate`r With the atmosphere and is closed at the top by a cap 75. `A. passage 76 connects the --77 is slidable.

passage 72 with the air space of the-chamber E21. Loosely fitting. and slidable `in the passage 71'is a valve stein 77, theupper end of which is necked down to receive a valve 78. The latter 'is adaptedjto close the atmospheric `conneetionvto passage 76 by seatingon the' shoulder formed by the intersection of passages 72 and 73wl1enste1n 77 is depressed by means to be described. It is particularly to be noted that valve 78 `is movable relatively to stein 7 7, because of a' loose fit thei'ewith,-as will be seen from a comparison of Figs; 9 and 11, so that it may close slightly before stein 77 is in its lowerinost position and may open shortly `after the stein begins to lift. Stern 77 is supported by a leaf spring 79 which is fixed at its ends to Aposts 80 .secured to cover section 15. Threaded into stein 7 7 isa rod 81 which extends dowinvardly and isgtuided in a boss formed in the base section"17 Spring 79 is thus clinnped between stem 77 andl rod 8l and is Erlanged to inove the stein and rod sharply by snappii'ig from its upwardlyi` curved position shown in Fig. 2 to a similar' `valve 78 Will be sharply closed to stopthe downwardly curved position when actuated byfsuitable ineens.y 1 The {actuati'ng 'ineens comprises la float 82 looselyencircling rod 8l, as shown in Figs.`2 and li Pivotcd in lposts 83 depending. froln` cover 15 and on each side of rod 8i are levers 8d which err-- tend in opposite directions on each side; of the Astern and have projections 85 extending. intothe` pathvof either-of two spaced flanges" 86 formed onirod 8l, as best shown in Fig. 4. The free ends of levers Slare connected by links`87 to the top of float 82. It will be seen that as. the latter` falls, leversl `are brought to bear on the lower flangeS and,` when they have moved' the latter a distance slightly greater than half the throw of spring' 79, the steni 77 ywill be sharply moved the reinainiiig distance by the si'iapping of the spring into its lowerniost position. Thus entrance of air into chamber Q1.

Referring to Figs. and 9, a passage 88 leads from suction pipe' on the engineside of a throttle valve S9 and'intersectingl with. this passage is another horizontal passage 90. A valve'9l. is slidably mounted iii-pipe 26 and is arranged to close the intersection of passages 88 and 90. Valve 91 is normally heldfclosed by a spring acting between lthe I interior of pipe QG and a collar 92 on `the 95 valve stein. lCollar is arrai'igedin the path of -a cani 93 l'orined onthe throttle and the contour of this cani is such as to cause valve 91 to open as throttle 89opensandso that` the effective 4opening of the suction passage 90 is varied in proportion to the effective (mening I1n suction pipe 2G. Pas sage 90 is connected by 'vertical and hori-1 zontal passages 94 and 95 (Fig. 9), respeci i tively, to the passage 71. within which stein The latterha's a recess 9G norn'ially positioned as in Fig. 9 so that only 'a relatively sinallarea of con'iinunication is `presented bet-Ween suction passage 95 and theair `space of cliainber 21. Whom however, yalve 78 is'closerhsteni 77 andre-,cess 9G` are positioned asin Fig. l1 to allownn ui'irestrictcd suction openinginto chamber 1.21. The spring l'iei'etofore described has -s'uilcient tension) to hold valve ,104i` closed when recess 9G is positioned as shown yin Fig. 9, but permits the opening of the valve 'when the recess is positioned asin Fig. 'l1 so Athat a relatively stiong suction is applied to chamber 21. y

Thevlatter feeds chamber 20 by vgravity through an opening l.97 forined in thebase section i7 and a'iinvoted and couinzer-balanced valve 98 (Figs, i2 and 8) controls this 't opening. A stern 99 extends fronrvalve 98 into" chamber v21 and its end lies betvveena pair` of flanges 100 forn'iedr on rod 81.

Normally valve 98 is positioned-asf` shown to permit fuel to pass from the chamber-'9,1 to chamber 20. When, however, spring 79 is moved to its lower position, rod 81 is depressed and valve 98 positivelyclosed to stop the flow to chamber 20 until the float 82 again rises. Valve 98 performs the 5 function of the usual check valve, but in addition is positively opened and closed' wit-hout relying upon the difference in level in the two chambers to effect its actuation. Valve 98 may be held in closed position When desired by a rod 101 vertically mounted in chamber 20 and having its upper part arranged for convenient access when cover 22 is opened. At the lower end of rod 101 a bent`portion 102 is provided which may be brought to bear onvalve 98 when the rod ,is turned substantially ninety degrees from the position illustrated.

In the operation of my invention, the rod 101 is suitably turned to release the valve plate 98, and the fuel in the two chambers assumes the same level. The normal level of fuel is shownby the line a-a in Fig. 2. As fuel is consumed in the chamber 20 by the several atomizing devices described, it is replaced by fuel from chamber 21. Normally valve 78 lies in the position'shown whereby air ma enter chamber 21 to displace the fuel flid therefrom, Meanwhile, air in chamber 21 is being drawn out through passage 95, but, since the connection of the latter with chamber 21 is restricted by reason of recess 96 being positioned as in Fig. 9, air flows in through passages 74, 72, andv 76 fastenthan it is drawn out through passage 95 and no fuel enters chamber 21 since ball 104 remains closed. After the fuel in chamber 21 has fallen'to a given level, valve 78 is suddenly closed to shut off the air supply to chamber 21, andthe suction through passage 95 creates a partial vacuum in chamber 21 opening valve 104 and causing fuel to be drawn into the latter through the inlet attachment 70. As soon as chamber 21 is filled to a predetermined level, valve? 8 is sharply raised from its seat permitting air to enter the chamber to stop the flow through attachment" 70 and valve 104 is sharply closed by spring 105." Valve 98 automatically closes during the period of inflow to prevent fuel from chamber 20 from returning to chamber 21. It--is to be noted that the usual manner of check valve `operation is not alone relied upon but a supplementary means positively operable from float 82 is provided to insure correct operation of valve 98. Valve 91 is arranged to open in proportion to the throttle opening so that when the engine is running at slow speed and little fuel is drawn from chamber 20, the continual suction ofA air from chamber 2l is reduced at a time when little suctionis necessary. The valve 91 has the advantage that the suction through 'passage 95 is varied approximately to the fuel. consumed so that, at times of heavy duty, the suction effective to feed chamber 21 is at a maximum, while on small -loads when little fuel is required, the valve 91 is nearly closed.

The main, compensating, and slow speed nozzles, comprising the passages 32, 33., and 56, respectively, operate in the usual manner to deliver fuel in'pipe 26. For a more detailed description of the manner of operation of these nozzles, reference is made to my copending application Serial No. 101,756, filed June 5, 1916.

An important andy advantageous feature of the construction described is in the provision of a single float to control the level 'in thetwo. chambers. Heretofore, the vacu um feed chamber has been connected (usually through an intermediate chamber) to the fuel chamber of the carbureter which intu rn has its own float. With the structure described, the carbureter float is eliminated as Well as the usual intermediate fuel chamber and the essential parts are here consolidated into a compact unitary structure .with'the advantages of the vusual vacuum fuel feeding devices but with the elimination of the necessity for using, mounting, and connecting various separate and distributed parts which go to make up the usual vacuum feed carbureter system. f

The feeding device disclosed is characterized by an advantageous arrangement of parts to vobtain an efficacious vacuum feed Icarbureter without elaborate structure and accessibility.

rEhe invention has been described in one; preferred form for illustrative purposes,but' the scope ofthe invention is defined bythe appended. claims rather: than by the foregoing description.

What I claim is 1. A vacuum feed carbureter, comprising a carbureter fuel chamber, atomizing devices in said chamber adapted to be fed therefrom, a fuel supply chamber communieating with the carbureter chamber to feed the latter by gravity, a valve controlling the communicationA between said chambers. a float in the supply chamber, means con trolled by the float to draw fuel into the 1:'5

supply chamber, and means operable by the rise and fall of the float to open and close said valve, allv constructed and arrangedso that the level in both of said chambers-ais. controlled by a snglepiloat. i

comprising,

)ripe i close saidV 2. The combination with a carbureter baving atomizimcy devices and a fuel chamber` to directly feed the latter of a supply chamber adjacent the fuel chamber and communicating therewith to permit fuel to pass from the supply to the fuel chamber by gravity, a valve controlling the coinnumication betiveen said chambers, a ioat in the supply chamber, devices controlled by movement of the Heat to draw fuel into the supply chamber, and means operable from the float to open and close said valve, all constructed and arranged so that fuel is fed to the supply chamber by suction and so that the fuel level in both cl'iai'i'ibers controlled by a single float.

3. A vacuum feed carbureter, comprising, a casing formed with a carbureter fuel chamber and a fuel supply chamber anda passage connecting; the chambers near the base thereof, an air intake pipe associated with the carburetor chamber and adapted for connection to suc-tion means, atomiziug devices connected with the carbureter chamber and extending within said pipe to feed fuel to the latter from' the carbureter chamber, a float in the supply chamber, a fuel` supply conl'iection to the latter` and Suction means controllable by the float to draw fuel from said 'connection into the supply chamber, the latter adapted to feed the carbureter chamber by gravity, all constructed and arranged so that the float controls the level in both the supply and carbureter chambers.

el. A vacuum feed carbureter, comprising, a casing; formed with a carbureter fuel chamber and a fuel supply chamber, a connection between the chambers arranged to permit rfuel to pass from the supply to the carbureter chamber by gravity, a valve in said connection, a fuel supply connection to .the supply chamber'` a. float in the latter, devices controllable from the float to draw fuelinto the supply chamber and means operable from the float to open and close said valve.

' 5. A fuel feeding` a single casing formed With a fuel chamber and a fuel supply chamber, a connection between said chambers arranged to permitfuel to pass from the latterl to the former, a valve. in said connection, a fuel supply connection to the carbureter supply chamber, a float -vin the latterxan air inlet to the supply chamber, a valve 1 n said inlet operable by said float, an air intake passing through the carbureter chainber and adapted for connection to a suction means, a passage lconnecting the intake with the air space of the supply chamber, means operable from said float v.to open and first-named valve, anda device to lock the latter to prevent iow from. the

.supply chamber vvhen desired.

6.1n a fuel4 feeding device for carbudevice for carbureters,

passage leading reters, a'fuel supply chamber, a lioat therein, means controlled by the float Voperable to draw fuel into said chamber, a carbureter fuel chamber, a fuel passage connecting the latter to the fuel supply chamber, a valve in said passage, and means opel-able by rise and fall of the float to suddenly open and close said valve.

7. In a fuel feeding device for a carburoter, a fuel supply chamber, a carburetor fuel chamber, a connection between the chambers to permit thc former to feed the latter, a fuel supply connection to the supplychamber, a suction pipe associated Vwith the carburetor chamber, a passage from said pipe to the air space of the supply chamber, means in said pipe to vary the effective. opening; therein, a valve in said passage op erablc from said means and constructed and arranged to be opened in proportion to the effective opening in said pipe.

8. A vacuum feed carbureter, comprising, a casing formed with a fuel supply chamber and a carbureter fuel chamber, a suction pipe, a throttle valve in said pipe, a passage connecting the latter to the air space of the supply chamber, a valve in said passage arranged to be opened by and-in proportion to the opening' of said throttle valve, a fuel 4supply connection to the supply chamber, an air inlet to the latter, a valve in said inlet, and a Iioat in the supply chamber connected to the last-named valve and arranged to suddenly open and close the latter by its rise and fall, all constructed and arranged so that the suction effective to dran1 fuel into the supply chamber maybe varied in accordance with the effective opening in the suction pipe. i

9. The combination in' a' fuel feeding device for carbureters of a supply chamber, a carbureter fuel chamber, a connection between the chambers to permit the former to 4feed the latter, a float in the supply chamber, an air inlet and a fuel inlet thereto, a valve in the air inlet arranged to be opened ,and closed by the rise and fall of said float, a. suction pipe, a throttle" valve therein, a from said pipe to the air space of the =supply chamber, and a valve in said passage arranged to be opened andclosedby the opening and closing of the throttle valve and to vary the effective suc tion opening to the fuel' supply chamber in proportionto the e'ective opening in the suction pipe.

10. In a 'fuel feeding device for carburet ers, a fuel supply chamber, a float therein, an air inlet to the supply chamber, a valve in said inlet operable to open and close the lattep by rise' and fall of the float, a suction pipe, a passage from the latter to said chainber, a valve in said passage, 'pipe operable to vary the effective opening a valve in said.

of the suction passage valve, a fuel supply connection to the air-space of said chamber, a valve in said connection and resilient means normally ,holding the lastnamed valve in closed position, all constructed and arranged so that the valve in said connection may be opened by relatively strong suction and closed at times of relatively Weak suction by said resilient means. Y

l1. In a fuel feeding device for carbureters, a fuel supply chamber, a float therein, an air inlet to the supply chamber, a Valve in said inlet operable to open and close the latter by rise and fall of the float, a passage communicating With the air space of said chamber and adapted for connection to suction means, a fuel supplyconn'ection to the air space of said chamber, a valve in said connection, and resilient means normally holding'the last-named Valve in closed position, all constructed and arranged so that the last namedvalve may be opened by relatively strongr suction and closed at times of relatively Weak suctionby said means.

12. A vacuum feed carbureter, comprising, a fuel supply chamber, a float therein, means controlled by the float operable to draw fuel i. to said chamber, a carbureter fuel chanib 4r, atcmizing devices therein,` a fuel passage connecting the carbureter fuel chamber to the fue] supply chamber, a valve in said passage, and means operable by rise of the float to suddenly open said valve.

13. A. vacuum feed carbureter, comprising, a fuel supply chamber, a float therein, means controlled by the float operable to draw fuel into said Chamber, a earbureter fuel chamber, atomizing devices in the latter, a fuel passage connecting the last-namedto the first-named chamber, a Valve in said 40 passage, and means operable'by the falling of the float to suddenly close said valve.

PIERRE GILLES. 

